Usually for a moon shot I use my 70-200 zoom lens and probably zoom in to about 180-200 or thereabouts.  On a tripod.  Set f-stop for about 20 and underexpose, and  shoot to keep the definition in the moon face while still keeping something other than black in the surrounding area.  I ruin a lot more moon shots than I find successful.  I use a remote (cord) shutter-release, too.

During the "super-moon" full moon in early June I was at our lake cottage and I shot for about an hour, fairly long exposures and got lots of great cloudy moon shots.  They were my best yet.  A full moon is a lot better than what we had on the canoe trip, but you take what you get.   ;)